The distance between the centers of the earth to the outer surface of the land is approximately around 6371 km. The distance varies from location to location.
Scientists understand the Earth’s Internal Structure by extracting information or by conducting research on the following
· Earthquake waves
· Earth’s magnetic force
· Gravity
According to the research and conclusion obtained from earthquake waves, magnetic force and gravity it is concluded that Earth' Internal Structure consists of three main parts explained below
1. Crust
1.1 There are three types of crust
· Continental crust
Continental crust covers 45% of Earth’s surface
Height of continental crust from the sea floor is around 2.8 miles
Thickness of continental crust from the sea floor is around 28 miles
Top layer, sedimentary rock thickness is 2.1 miles
Middle layer, granitic rock thickness is 12.5 miles
Bottom layer, Basaltic rock thickness is 12.5 miles
· Sub-continental crust
Consists of three layers top, middle and bottom
Top layer, sedimentary rock thickness is 1.8 miles
Middle layer, granitic rock thickness is 5.6 miles
Bottom layer, basaltic rock thickness is 7.3 miles
· Oceanic crust
Is built like a layer over three rocks top, middle and bottom
Top layer covered with sedimentary rocks having thickness is 0.3 miles
Middle layer covered with volcanic sedimentary rocks of a thickness is 0.7 miles
Bottom layer is covered basaltic rocks with a thickness is 3.5 miles
1.2 Forms a very thin surface skin 0-100 km
1.3 Crust and upper mantle are known to have changes in physical and chemical characteristic
1.4 Crust and upper mantle changes in properties both horizontal and vertical
2. Mantle
2.2 Upper mantle
2.3 Lower velocity layer
2.4 Transition zone
2.5 Lower mantle
3. Core
3.1 Lower mantle and core are generally assumed to uniform
3.2 Uniformity is due to the geophysical phenomenon are masked (covered) by physical properties of the upper layer
3.3 Inner core
3.4 Outer core
· Is filled with hot liquid or fluid known as seema
· Its depth is around 2900-5100 km
· Tectonic plates including major and minor floats in the outer core and their movements in controlled in the outer core of Earth
2.5 Core occupies the central part
Source 1: Structure of Core, mantle and crust, Comparing Two Descriptions of Earth Interior Structure Your Task: Carefully read these two descriptions of Earth’ s interior structure and summarize what you notice about similarities and differences. Inside the Earth - ‐ From USGS Exploring the Earth Using Seismology - ‐ From IRIS.edu Inside the Earth - ‐ From USGS Exploring the Earth Using Seismology - ‐ From IRIS.edu
Now, we’ve all understanding of crust, mantle and core. In the sense of understanding, the crust is less than 1% of earth’s radius and holding 0.3% of Earth’s mass.
Reference
The photo in the Source 1 is taken from IRIS Education website. The information gathered and written here is collected by literature review of the book mentioned in the Bibliography (1). Some part of the article is written by writer own vision and articulation to express the right to access information in the world.
Bibliography
1. Erickson, Jon. Rock Formations and Unusual Geologic Structures: exploring the earth's surface. New York: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, Page 36 & 39, 1948. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2.
About the writer
The writer's name is Aneeq. The writer is Christian by Faith and by Birth, Catholic Denomination, Latin Rite, Dominican Clergy, Warispura Parish, Faisalabad Diocese, Punjab Provincial, and Pakistan. The writer is Divorce (decree from the court), with no child (pending in the court). The writer studied B.Sc. Chemical Engineering from NFC Institute of Engineering & Fertilizer Research affiliated with University of Engineering & Technology Lahore. The writer studied his master's degree in Thermal Engineering (Mechanical) from North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, and China.
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